Piles, also known as haemorrhoids, are swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus, often causing discomfort, itching, and bleeding. They can be internal, developing inside the rectum, or external, forming under the skin around the anus. Common causes include chronic constipation, prolonged sitting, obesity, pregnancy, and a low-fiber diet. Straining during bowel movements increases pressure on the veins, leading to their swelling.Symptoms of piles vary depending on severity but may include pain, swelling, irritation, and blood in stools. While mild cases often improve with home remedies like increased fiber intake, hydration, and sitz baths, severe cases may require medical treatments such as rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or surgery. Over-the-counter creams and pain relievers can also provide temporary relief.Preventing piles involves maintaining a healthy diet rich in fiber, drinking plenty of water, exercising regularly, and avoiding prolonged sitting. If left untreated, haemorrhoids can lead to complications like anaemia due to excessive bleeding or thrombosed piles, which can be extremely painful. Consulting a doctor for persistent or severe symptoms is essential to receive proper treatment and prevent further complications.
