Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)

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15 Jan 2025 09:25 #241 by poornimahz
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family. It was first identified in 2001 but is believed to have circulated in humans for decades. HMPV primarily causes respiratory tract infections and is especially prevalent among young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals.The symptoms of HMPV infections are similar to those of other respiratory viruses, including coughing, fever, nasal congestion, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, it can lead to bronchitis, pneumonia, or exacerbation of underlying chronic conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While most individuals recover without complications, infants and older adults may experience significant morbidity and, in rare cases, mortality.HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets, direct contact with contaminated surfaces, or close interaction with infected individuals. Its seasonal pattern mirrors other respiratory viruses, peaking in late winter and spring. Diagnosis is often made using molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, which can detect the virus in respiratory secretions.Currently, no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines exist for HMPV. Management is largely supportive, focusing on symptom relief and preventing complications. Measures such as hand hygiene, respiratory etiquette, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals are critical in preventing the spread of the virus.Research is ongoing to develop vaccines and targeted therapies to combat HMPV, given its significant public health impact. Heightened awareness and continued surveillance are essential to mitigate its burden, particularly in vulnerable populations.

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