In recent years, populism has gained momentum across the globe, reshaping political landscapes in both democratic and authoritarian regimes. Populism, often characterized by anti-elite rhetoric, nationalist sentiment, and direct appeals to "the people," has challenged traditional political institutions. While some argue that populism can reinvigorate democracy by addressing public concerns, others warn that it poses a significant threat to democratic norms and "real people" against corrupt elites, fostering distrust in established political parties, media, and judicial systems. This skepticism can lead to the erosion of democratic checks and balances, as leaders consolidate power and weaken independent institutions. For example, in some countries, populist governments have attempted to suppress dissent, limit press freedom, and undermine judicial independence, creating a shift toward "us" and "them," populist movements deepen divisions within societies, making compromise and consensus-building more difficult. This polarization can weaken democratic processes, as political opponents become enemies rather than partners in , populism is not inherently anti-democratic. It can serve as a wake-up call for political elites to address widespread economic inequality, social injustice, and declining public trust in institutions. When channeled constructively, populist movements can lead to positive reforms and increased civic , an independent judiciary, and a free press are essential to safeguarding democracy from the excesses of populism. Ultimately, the rise of populism presents both risks and opportunities, depending on how societies respond to its influence.
